How to Download Ebooks From Google Books

Kristen Waters has been writing for the computer industry since 2004. She has written training materials for both large and small computer companies as well as how-to and informative articles for many online publications. She holds Bachelor of Science degrees from both York College of Pennsylvania and the University of Maryland.

How to save Google Slides as PDF

If you want to save Google Slide as PDF, here is how to do it. Even if you want to save a Google Slides presentation as PDF with speaker notes, you can do that. No matter how many slides you have, there is no need to download third-party add-ons or use services to get the job done.

To Google Slides as PDF, follow these methods:

To learn more about these methods, continue reading.

No matter whether you use Google Docs, Google Sheets, or Google Slides, you can find a common option called Download. This particular option helps you download your slides or presentation in various formats, including PDF. To use this option, you need to follow these steps:

First, make sure that you have created the slides entirely and it is ready to download. If so, click on the File menu visible in the top-left corner.

Then, select the Download option. It displays a series of options. From here, you need to select the PDF document option.

Once done, the download will start immediately.

There could be times when you might want to download a specific slide of your presentation. The general Download option doesn’t allow you to download a single slide of your presentation. That is why you can use the Print menu to download a particular slide or any number of specific slides as per your requirements.

To use the Print menu to download Google Slides as PDF, follow these steps:

Once the editing is done, click on the File menu and select the Print option.

Alternatively, you can press Ctrl+P to do the same. It opens the Print prompt. Once it is visible, expand the Destination list and select the Microsoft Print to PDF option.

Then, head to the Pages menu and expand it. From here, you can choose one of the four options:

If you want to download a particular slide, you need to select the Customized option.

Next, enter the page number and click the Print button.

It will download your slide as PDF.

Note: We have tried it on Google Chrome. The print prompt may appear differently on a different browser. However, every browser allows you to do the same.

The main drawback of these two methods is that they do not download the slide with speaker notes. If you have included speaker notes in your slide, you cannot find them once it downloads as PDF. At times, speaker notes are important since you might have added some notes to demonstrate the slide to others. Fortunately, Google Slides comes with an option that lets you download the presentation as PDF with speaker notes.

To download Google Slides as PDF with speaker notes, follow these steps:

To know more about these steps, keep reading.

First, you need to click on the File menu and choose the Print preview option.

By default, it does not show the speaker notes. To show them, click on the 1 slide without notes menu and choose the 1 slide with notes option.

Once done, click the Download as PDF option.

It starts the download instantly. Once it is done, you can find the slide in the PDF version with all the speaker notes.

Read: How to convert Documents to PDF with Google Docs from any browser

If you want to save a slide as a PDF, you need to use the Print option. Go to File > Print to open the Print prompt first. Next, expand the Destination menu and select the Microsoft Print to PDF option. Then, head to the Pages menu. From here, select the Customized option and enter the slide or page number as per your requirements. Finally, click the Print button to save a particular slide as PDF.

Yes, you can save Google Slides as a PDF with notes or speaker notes. As the generic option doesn’t show or save all the speaker notes, you need to use the Print preview option. Make sure the 1 slide with notes option is selected. If so, you can click on the Download as PDF option to download the presentation or slides with notes.

Read: Convert Word, PowerPoint, Excel Documents into PDF using Google Docs.

DARPA keeps after an old but persistent cybersecurity problem

Ever since the first Microsoft Word macro attack, documents have been a source of malware delivery. Thirty years later it’s still a problem. Word documents, PDFs, photographs, spreadsheets, they all remain potent delivery mechanisms for hackers. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, DARPA, has for several years run a program called SafeDocs, aimed a creating documents that do not become attack surfaces. The Federal Drive with Tom Temin got an update from DARPA program manager Sergey...

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Ever since the first Microsoft Word macro attack, documents have been a source of malware delivery. Thirty years later it’s still a problem. Word documents, PDFs, photographs, spreadsheets, they all remain potent delivery mechanisms for hackers. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, DARPA, has for several years run a program called SafeDocs, aimed a creating documents that do not become attack surfaces. The Federal Drive with Tom Temin got an update from DARPA program manager Sergey Bratus.

Interview Transcript: 

Tom Temin So what is the latest? Why are they still plagued with these things? And what can DARPA feel be done to somehow make these safe, to deliver and safe to receive and open?

Sergey Bratus So, in a word, ambiguity. Standards that describe their most prevalent kinds of documents are still written in English, are still interpreted by developers. And do you know what size those documents are? Your typical document format is over a thousand pages long. And that may be just for the poor document, not the potential includes in the document.

Tom Temin So that’s not content. That is just the the software descriptor around it so that the computer can interpret it.

Sergey Bratus The format descriptor. But you’re getting a little bit ahead of us because right now, if you want to write a piece of software to interpret PDF, you would download the PDF standard. It has very recently become available for free. Previously you had to buy it from the International Standards Organization. Guess how many people made the investment before they started out creating a parser? And then you would have to work your way through a thousand pages of this document. Now, most of these pages describe validity requirements. This is what makes the document valid. So you have to check all of those conditions on all of those 1000 pages, and your interpretation of those conditions must be exactly the same as the other developers writing a competing product. Now, what’s the chance that a human programmer would never make a mistake and the two human programmers would never disagree.

Tom Temin About the same as downloaded the free version or whatever the paid version before you had that? Nobody.

Sergey Bratus Exactly. Exactly. So what this Docker program set out to do is to create mechanized, machine readable, human intelligible descriptions of the data formats so that you could generate your data intake code. Whereas with call it your parser from those definitions. And just a tidbit of information. Over 80% of all known vulnerabilities are vulnerabilities in the code that interprets input data that does the data intake. So that’s how often mistakes happen with automatically generated code from an unambiguous description. This should not happen. And this is the kind of tools and theory and development methodology that DARPA set out to create.

Tom Temin All right. And so then the alternative then looks like what you mentioned, ambiguity at the outset. How does that come into this then?

Sergey Bratus So imagine your typical PDF file. Now, hackers have a sport. They would create a PDF file that the render one way in one reader say Adobe Acrobat. A different way in another reader say Google Chrome. Yet another way in Mac OS’s  preview and you’d be looking at the same file. And then the question is what’s the real content there? Now think of your antivirus. What will that kind of software see when it looks at that file? Will it see what Acrobat sees or what preview sees or what chrome sees or something completely different. Ambiguity is insecurity. Ambiguity is something that stands in the way of checking documents or even trusting documents. There was recent research from a university in Germany, Bochum,  that showed that even for the cryptographically signed PDF documents such as invoices, you may in fact tamper with the document so that you would receive what appears to be a trillion dollar invoice from a company for service, and it would appear to be correctly signed by them. And yet, of course, it would be fake. So again, whenever software disagrees about the interpretation of the document, which is really just bytes or a string of bits at the lowest level there you have insecurity, there you have inability to check what’s really inside it. That is to say, inability to protect. So as they say on the Save Docs program, you can’t defend what you can’t define.

Tom Temin We’re speaking with Dr. Sergey Bratus. He’s a program manager in the Information Innovation Office at DARPA. So then you have a way, again, of automating something that is unambiguous. And how does that work in a practical sense?

Sergey Bratus So in the practical sense format experts, format creators, are the people who create the standards and who maintain them will use their tools and have used their tools to create the machine readable specification of the format. That way, any ambiguity that they might have would be worked out before the standard is published, and no ambiguity or no mistakes in the implementation would find its way into the software that is supposed to be your shield against the malicious content. Their performers filed over a hundred disambiguation edits against the PDF 2.0 Standard, which is the most recent international standard for PDF, and they are one of the most prolific reporters of such disambiguate edits. Most of them have been entered into the standard and now developers have less room to disagree.

Tom Temin And walk us back then how if you have an unambiguous document and it can be read the same way in Chrome and a PDF reader from Apple or whatever the case might be. How does that keep malware out or does it simply help the detectors know that there’s malware in there?

Sergey Bratus It helps the detectors. But a better question is how does the malware hide in something like PDF? PDF was meant to be a format that is true to the printed page, and then that format grew to encompass forms. Forms needed some checking. JavaScript was added to the format includes. Let’s say your organization does not want you to fill out forms, does not want any JavaScript to touch your computer. How would it find and remove that JavaScript from a PDF document? Well, it must have an automatic piece of software that interprets the structure of the document, finds all the places where JavaScript is permitted and removes them, and then you get yourself a safe page that just renders and does nothing else. Now there are about 12 to 15 ways to embed JavaScript in the structure of the PDF document. Any disagreement about where and what is embedded in the document is a way for the malware to hide whatever it might hide. It may be a malicious JavaScript, it may be even a  social engineering trick of the kind. Go there and type your password there. So an unambiguous interpretation is a secure interpretation because it allows your guard software to act with full information on what’s in the document.

Tom Temin And what is the status now of the DARPA implementation of these developer tools and what’s going to happen next?

Sergey Bratus Well, many of those tools have been released to GitHub. They are available to the public. Chief among those tools are data description languages, the means of creating an unambiguous description of a format. And they hope the means with which all future data standards would be defined. They see a world in which maybe ten years from now, any data format and any service that takes in data would be using these same docs technologies. And then there are tools to examine the internals of documents, to trace the execution of programs that interpret documents and give the transparency to the engineer, to the researcher, to the security professionals as to what’s in the document and remove any ambiguity that might still exist there.

Tom Temin Got it. So ambiguity can be removed in existing documents with the right tools, and then you can scan them and you’ll know for sure.

Sergey Bratus That is correct. And then for the future, one would want to define, describe and implement new formats and new software that interprets those formats. From the get go, using these tools, eliminating ambiguity and eliminating insecurity, eliminating any place for the malware or for the malicious or unintended payloads to hide.

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